Hugo D. Excavation is an essential process for building and construction projects. It involves digging pits that are typically four-sided and more profound than the narrowest horizontal dimension on the surface. The holes can be as deep as 10 meters, becoming shafts once they reach a depth of 30 m or more. Excavation can be performed for several purposes, including installing maintenance holes, pump stations, underground tanks, pile caps, and access to existing services. But there are risks involved in the excavation. In addition to hazards, people may be exposed to hazardous substances or conditions during construction projects.
Site Preparation
Before a building can be constructed, it must first be prepared. This preparation process sets the stage for subsequent activities and reduces the overall construction cost. Proper site preparation can also help prevent the bursting of underground pipes. Therefore, excavating, or earthwork, is essential to construction management and should be handled by a professional like this company offering Roanoke hardscaping service. With the help of a qualified excavator, a site can be prepared for a building project, including foundation work.
Compaction is another vital aspect of site preparation. This ensures that the soil underneath the site is compacted to a specific density. Without proper compaction, a building may crack. Compaction can be accomplished using several types of equipment. In addition to clearing the site, excavating Brunswick also improves access for construction workers. It removes obstacles from the site, making it easier to complete the project on time. The excavated site must be ready for the building’s foundation during construction.
Trench Digging
When excavating, a portion of the job will involve trench digging. This step is complex and labor-intensive, and there are numerous safety concerns. For example, trenches often collapse, causing injury and asphyxiation to workers.
Additionally, channels that are not adequately supported can hit underground pipes, power lines, and water mains. During this process, there is also the risk of electrocution, and trench collapses can disrupt utility services.
While many industries use trenching to lay underground piping, it is also used for laying telephone wire and electric cables. However, Trenching is most commonly used for laying irrigation, sewer, drainage, and city-wide electric lines. Following the rules and regulations of OSHA when performing this excavation is essential. To avoid injuries and deaths, excavation projects must follow strict guidelines. Excavation standards apply to any digging.
Ground Collapse
There are several methods to prevent ground collapse while excavating. One of the most important is benching. This involves using metal plates on both sides of the trench walls to hold the soil. Aside from benching, other methods to avoid ground collapse include using a white card. Competent individuals should use these tools on the excavation site to prevent ground collapse.
The risk of ground collapse increases when the excavation walls are low. The falling earth can crush or bury anyone in its path. Therefore, securing perimeter fencing will help reduce the risk of collapse. The safety of workers during excavation work is of the utmost importance. You should read the guideline carefully and implement risk controls per the control hierarchy. Also, ensure the public cannot access the site or excavation edge.
Safety Precautions
Excavated dirt is a potentially hazardous material that can cause workers to fall into the trench. Because soil is unstable, workers should stay at least two feet from the excavation’s edge. Workers should also keep machinery and excavated soil away from their bodies. It is also imperative to check trenches regularly before and after they’re finished, particularly if it has been raining.
When excavating a site, assessing soil conditions and choosing appropriate protective systems are imperative. Proper planning also includes locating underground utility lines, planning for traffic control, and identifying nearby structures.
Additionally, excavations may require braces to prevent accidents or other problems resulting from falling dirt. Finally, excavation sites should have adequate lighting and radio for locating emergency personnel. This ensures that all personnel is safe from injury.
